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A complete guide to EAA compliance for digital services

What the European Accessibility Act means for your digital operations

Digital accessibility has moved beyond an add-on; it’s a legal obligation for many businesses operating in Europe. 

The European Accessibility Act (EAA), which comes into full force on June 28, 2025, introduces a unified set of accessibility requirements for websites, mobile apps, and other digital products and services.

The goal? To make sure that people with disabilities can access and use digital services as easily as everyone else. But for many businesses – especially those without in-house accessibility experts – the path to accessibility can feel unclear and overwhelming:

  • Who needs to comply?
  • What are the specific accessibility requirements?
  • How do you assess your current level of compliance?
  • And what practical steps can you take to meet the standard?

This guide provides those answers. Whether you’re in legal, product, design, or development, we’ll break down the EAA’s key requirements, show how they affect your digital properties, and offer a clear framework for achieving accessibility.

Who needs to comply with the European Accessibility Act?

The EAA applies to a wide range of businesses operating in or serving consumers within the European Union. 

But which businesses does it actually affect?

The short answer: most B2C digital service providers.

You may be required to comply if you:

  • Operate an e-commerce platform or sell products online
  • Offer banking or financial services
  • Provide transport booking systems (bus, rail, air, etc.)
  • Run a media platform, including video, audio, or streaming
  • Publish eBooks or digital reading tools
  • Deliver telecommunications services
  • Offer public-facing websites or mobile apps
  • Serve EU consumers, even if you’re based outside the EU

Some common myths about compliance

You might have had these thoughts in the past, but they’re (probably) not accurate:

  • “We’re too small.” → Size is usually not a determining factor for accessibility compliance (with minor exceptions).
  • “We’re not in the EU.” → If your service targets or reaches EU consumers, you’re likely in scope.
  • “We only sell physical goods.” → Your digital interfaces (website, checkout, app) still need to comply – as do some physical goods!
So, here’s a quick check: are you in scope?
  • Do you sell or market to EU consumers?
  • Do you provide services digitally (website, app, content)?
  • Would inaccessible features prevent any user from completing a key task?

If the answer is yes, compliance is likely required, so you need to act.

Key requirements for EAA compliance

The EAA doesn’t just recommend better digital experiences – it mandates them. Businesses affected by the EAA must make sure that their digital products and services are accessible to people with disabilities, based on a consistent set of requirements across EU member states.

What must be accessible?

The EAA applies to a range of digital assets, including:

  • Websites and web applications
  • Mobile apps
  • e-commerce platforms and online stores
  • Self-service terminals (e.g., ticketing machines, ATMs)
  • eBooks and reading software
  • Audio-visual media players
  • Digital customer service interfaces

Basically, any interface a user interacts with to access or manage a service is likely covered.

What does accessible mean under the EAA?

To comply with the EAA, digital services must follow technical accessibility standards, namely:

  • Conformance with the following:
    • Alt text for non-text content
    • Keyboard navigability
    • Screen reader compatibility
    • Text resize options without loss of functionality
    • Sufficient color contrast
    • Consistent navigation patterns
    • Descriptive form labels and error messages
    • Captions and transcripts for video/audio content
⏰ Key deadline: June 28, 2025

This is when enforcement begins. After this date, non-compliant products and services could be subject to fines, removal from market, or other legal action by national authorities.

How the EAA affects digital services and websites

The EAA applies to more than just how information is presented; it also affects how digital services are designed, built, and maintained. This includes user flows, interface components, media content, and even the technologies used to build your site or app.

If your business relies on digital channels to deliver services – whether it’s an online shop, customer portal, mobile app, or media platform – EAA compliance must be part of your strategy.

E-commerce platforms

Online stores must allow all users to:

  • Browse, select, and purchase products
  • Read product descriptions via screen readers
  • Navigate the checkout using only a keyboard
  • View accessible error messages for failed form inputs

Banking and financial services

Secure portals and apps must:

  • Be navigable without a mouse
  • Provide accessible 2FA interfaces and forms
  • Offer downloadable documents (e.g., PDFs) in accessible formats

Streaming platforms and digital media

Audio-visual content must include:

  • Captions for spoken content
  • Transcripts for audio-only files
  • Interfaces that work with assistive technology

Design systems and navigation patterns

All services must make sure there are:

  • Consistent layouts across pages
  • Clear focus indicators for interactive elements
  • Semantic HTML and proper heading structure for screen readers

In short, digital accessibility affects nearly every layer of the user experience. So getting on the road to compliance means designing for inclusion from the start.

Steps to achieve EAA compliance

Meeting the EAA’s requirements doesn’t have to mean a complete overhaul from day one. With a structured, phased approach, organizations can start making meaningful improvements right away – then scale toward heightened compliance.

Here’s a practical framework to guide your team.

1. Audit your digital assets

Start by assessing your website, apps, and digital products to understand where you stand. Combine:

  • Automated tools like WAVE, axe DevTools, or Google Lighthouse
  • Manual testing using screen readers (NVDA, VoiceOver)
  • Keyboard-only navigation testing
  • User testing, where possible, with real users who use assistive tech

2. Prioritize issues by impact and visibility

Identify the key areas of focus:

  • High-traffic pages (home, product, checkout, login)
  • Critical forms and user journeys
  • Non-compliant media (videos, PDFs, interactive content)

NOTE: Make sure that you use WCAG 2.1 Level AA and the EAA annexes as your technical benchmark; it’s important.

3. Fix the most common accessibility barriers

Start with achievable fixes that make a big difference:

  • Add alt text to all meaningful images
  • Ensure form fields have labels and accessible error messaging
  • Adjust color contrast and allow text resizing
  • Fix heading structures for semantic HTML
  • Add captions and transcripts to media content

4. Use iubenda’s Accessibility Solution for fast impact

The iubenda Accessibility Solution allows teams to make progress quickly:

  • Adds essential accessibility enhancements
  • Helps meet WCAG 2.1 Level AA criteria
  • Offers a simple path to demonstrate proactive accessibility

5. Educate and enable your teams

Make sure that product, design, marketing, and dev teams:

  • Understand the principles of accessible design
  • Integrate accessibility checks into QA
  • Know where to find standards and reference docs

6. Monitor, iterate, and maintain

Accessibility isn’t a one-off project. Make sure you build in:

  • Periodic re-audits
  • Feedback channels for users
  • Governance processes for continuous compliance

The common challenges in meeting EAA standards

Many organizations recognize the need for accessibility, but run into roadblocks when they begin implementation. Understanding the most common challenges can help you avoid delays and keep your compliance roadmap on track.

1. Lack of internal expertise

Many teams – especially SMBs – lack in-house accessibility specialists. As a result, compliance can feel overly technical or overwhelming.

The solution: Start small. Use automated testing tools, free learning resources, and accessible design libraries. And when needed, consult external accessibility partners.

2. Legacy systems and outdated tech

Older websites or content management systems may not support semantic HTML, ARIA roles, or screen reader compatibility.

The solution: Prioritize critical pages and work accessibility into scheduled redesigns or updates. Tools like iubenda’s Accessibility Widget can help you start working towards an accessible path.

3. Fragmented responsibility

Accessibility often falls between teams – design, development, marketing, and legal – without a clear owner.

The solution: Assign ownership. Establish an internal lead or working group and include accessibility in your QA and content processes.

4. Misunderstanding legal obligations

Some teams assume the EAA doesn’t apply to them – or they underestimate what’s required to meet WCAG standards.

The solution: Use self-assessment checklists, review the EAA’s scope, and consult legal if needed. Remember: if you serve EU consumers, compliance is likely required.

By addressing these challenges early, your organization can make measurable progress – without getting stuck in the weeds.

Tools and resources for compliance

Whether you’re just starting your accessibility journey or looking to streamline ongoing improvements, the right tools can make all the difference. 

Here’s a selection of reliable resources to help your team achieve and maintain EAA compliance.

Accessibility testing tools

Start with automated scans to catch the most common accessibility issues:

  • WAVE – Highlights contrast errors, missing alt text, and semantic structure flaws
  • axe DevTools – Chrome extension for developers with actionable WCAG guidance
  • Google Lighthouse – Built into Chrome DevTools, includes accessibility scoring

Manual testing support

Automated tools only catch 30–40% of issues. Pair them with:

  • Screen readers: NVDA (Windows), VoiceOver (Mac)
  • Keyboard navigation tests: Use Tab, Shift+Tab, and Enter to navigate your site
  • Zoom/resizing tests: Make sure layout and content remain usable at 200% scale

Design and content resources

  • Contrast checkers (e.g. WebAIM, Stark)
  • Inclusive design principles from W3C and open design systems
  • Alt text and media accessibility guides

iubenda’s Accessibility Solution

For businesses seeking an immediate step toward accessibility, iubenda’s Accessibility Solution:

  • Adds key WCAG 2.1 Level AA enhancements
  • Requires no redesign or replatforming
  • Supports your ongoing accessibility strategy

Make accessibility a priority – before the 2025 deadline

Digital accessibility is no longer optional. With the European Accessibility Act’s enforcement deadline set for June 28, 2025, businesses across Europe – and beyond – must make sure their websites, apps, and digital services are accessible to all users.

The good news? You don’t need to do everything at once.

By understanding your legal obligations, identifying accessibility gaps, and making continuous improvements using WCAG 2.1 Level AA as your guide, your organization can reduce risk, expand its audience, and deliver a better digital experience for everyone.

Start now with a simple, scalable solution

The iubenda Accessibility Solution makes it easy to begin addressing requirements right away, without the need for a full rebuild.

Whether you’re in product, compliance, UX, or leadership, taking the first step today can save time, cost, and complexity tomorrow.